Being competitive requires reducing the costs, and improving the efficiency via the technologies and the knowledge. Some improvements in the history made a big difference, and we called it industrial revolutions.

The First Industrial Revolution was marked by a transition from hand production methods to machines. The Second Industrial Revolution was a technological revolution. The Third Industrial Revolution called digital revolution.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution era consist technologies that combine hardware, software, and biology, and emphasizes advances in communication and connectivity. Cyber-physical systems provides unlimited opportunities to the factories with a cost, named Cyber-threats.